Hello Chih-Wei,
If you are still facing issues with your Serial interface communication, I have a suggestion for you:
Some of our temp sensors have an evaluation module(EVM) that readily available for measurements. Once you get an EVM all you need to do is just plug and play to find out the temperature, read/write to registers etc. Just probe the SCL and SDA lines of the EVM so you can observe their behavior on the scope. Once you have this, all you need to do is to try and mimic this on to your C code.
TMP102 follows similar 2 wire communication as TMP112 and here is the link to its EVM:
http://www.ti.com/tool/tmp102evm
Best Regards,
Abhi Muppiri
Applications Engineer
AIP- Sensing Products
Texas Instruments